Unit 5 Think before you eat
词语解说
1. sound v．听起来仿佛
His ideas sounded great．他的主意听起来很好。
【拓展】n．声音
They heard strange sounds from the next flat．他们听到隔壁的公寓里有一些奇怪的声音。
2. vegetarian n．素食者
She turned from a meat—eater to a vegetarian．她从一个肉食者变成了一个素食者。
adj．素食者的
He opened a vegetarian restaurant．他开了一家素食饭店。
【拓展】 vegetarianism n．素食主义
vegetable n．蔬菜
Vegetables are good to our health．蔬菜对大家的健康有益。
3. influence v．影响
His decision to study physics in university was influenced by his Physics teacher
他的物理老师对他决定在大学里学物理起了影响用途。
【搭配】n. 影响 have influence on／upon对……有影响
Her friends，words have a great influence on her behaviors．她朋友的话对她的行为有非常大的影响。
【拓展】 influential有影响的;有势力的
Majority people believe she is the most Influential member of the committees.
她被大部分人觉得是委员会里最具影响力的成员。
Influential friends helped him to get a good job. 有势力的朋友们帮他弄到一份美差。
an influential newspaper 有影响的报纸
4. crowd v．聚集
Shoppers crowded into the store．购物的人涌人商店。
【搭配】 be crowded with挤满了……
The bus is crowded with passengers．公交车上挤满了乘客。
【拓展】n．人群
A big crowd gathered on the road．马路上聚集了一大群人。
5．appetite n. 食欲
Proper exercising will increase one’s appetite for food．适合的运动会增进一个人的食欲。
【拓展】n．强烈欲望
【搭配】 have an appetite for喜欢；喜好
He has an appetite for oil—painting．他很喜欢油画。
6．contain v．包括
Beer contains alcoho1．啤酒含有酒精。
【拓展】①辨析include和 contain
★include: 包含；包括 指在整体中能明确界定的几个部分。
The health club includes a gym, swimming pool, and locker room. 健身会所包含体操房，游泳池和更衣室。
Our ten-day tour includes a visit to New York. 大家十天的旅游包含参观纽约。
【注意】 including 可以作介词连接介词短语。试比较：
Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, including my mother.
Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, my mother included.
★contain: 包括，含有，装有
The bowl contains a variety of fruit. 碗里装有各种水果。
This bottle contains two glasses of beer. 这个瓶子装了两杯啤洒。
This kind of fruit contains much vitamin-c.
②container n．容器；集装箱
9．energy n．精力；活力，能量；能源
He is a person full of energy．他是一个充满活力的人。
He is interested in studying machines operated by solar energy．他对研究由太阳能运行的机器有兴趣。
Oil is a precious source of energy．石油是一种宝贵的能源。
【拓展】 energetic adj．精力充沛的
After a long flight，he still appeared energetic．在长途飞行后，他仍然看上去精力充沛。
【辨析】 energy \ power \ strength \ force
energy 原是物理学上的术语“能量”, 用于人时则指“精力”, 精力；活力，能量；能源
He worked with great energy. 他以巨大的精力工作。
power 力的总称 ：①力量,能力 ②权力,权势,控制力;政权
the power of nature 自然力
【搭配】 come to [into] power 掌权;得势
the party in power 执政党
have the power to do 有……的能力
She is said to have the power to foretell the future 据了解她有预测将来的能力
strength 指个人的力,力量,体力
a man of great strength 大力士
I don't have the strength to lift this box 我没力气提起这个手提箱
force 武力，暴力
do sth by force 通过武力做某事
10．variety 多种多样, 变化；多元化
Her essay lacks variety．她写的文章缺少变化。
【搭配】 a variety of多种多样的
varieties of
The shop has a variety of children clothes,这家小店有各种各样的童装。
【拓展】 various adj．各种各样的
The store sells various kinds of toys．这家小店供应各种各样的玩具。
11．advise v．建议
【搭配】 advise somebody to do something建议某人做某事
advise doing something建议做某事
advise somebody on something向某人提供关于……的建议
advise that sbdo sth. 建议某人做
The manager advised them to carry out the project as soon as possible．经理建议他们尽快推行这个项目。
He advises thinking carefully before making the final decision．他建议在作最后决定前要仔细考虑。
The teacher advised the students on how to write term essays．老师教学生们怎么样写学期论文。
【拓展】 ①advice n．建议；劝告
【搭配】 take one’s advice 听从某人的劝告
follow one’s advice
You should take others’ friendly advice．你应该听从其他人友好的劝告。
②adviser n．顾问
Her mother works as an adviser．她妈妈的工作是顾问。
12．increase v．增加
The village is increasing fast in population．这座村庄的人口在飞速增长。
【拓展】n．增加；增长
Because of excel lent performance last year，he has received an increase in salary．
因为去年有出色的表现，他获得了提薪。
【搭配】on the increase 在增长中
on the decrease 在降低中
【注意】 increase的反义词是decrease
The number of the club members decreased from 1，000 to 200．这家会所的会员人数从1 000人降低到200人。
A big decrease in sales caused the bookstore to close．销量大减使这家书店关门了。
13．intelligent adj．聪颖的；有才智的
Her son is very intelligent．她的儿子很聪明。
【拓展】 intelligence n．聪明；智商；情报
She asked her son to solve the problem by using his own intelligence．她让儿子自己动脑筋去解决这个问题。
He used to be an officer in intelligence．他过去曾是一名情报官员。
14. source ① 源头;水源 ②根源;来源[]
Do you know the source of Amazon River? 你了解亚马逊河的源头吗?
They are required to publish the sources of their campaign funds. 他们需要公布自己竞选经费的来源。
训练：
Section A： Choose the right answer
1. We have feelings about moving so far away.
A. mixing B. mix C. mixture D. mixed
2. John _, but Mike works harder.
A. is equal to Mike in brains B. equals to Mike in brains
C. is equally as clever as Mike D. is equal clever as Mike
3. The doctor told me that I'd probably have a heart unless I started eating less.
A. illness B. damage C. break 
D. attack
4. Sea water a certain amount of salt.
A. contains B. concludes C. forms D. takes
5. Tourism is the city's greatest of income.
A. origin B. resource C. source D. way
6. According to some educational experts, the most ______________ students do not necessarily perform best in exams.
A. intelligent B. developed C. effective D. fashionable
7. All of us went to the seaside, with John and Peter .
A. including B. included C. consisted D. contained
8. You would be a risk to let your child go to school by himself.
A. omitting B. attaching C. affording D. running
9. They have a trip to Hangzhou this summer.
A. decided on B. decided taking C. decided for D. decided at
10. Not surprisingly, the process of choosing names widely from culture to culture.
A. differs B. changes C. ranges D. varies
11. Color-blind people often find it difficult to between blue and green.
A. separate B. tell C. compare D. contrast
12. A healthy life is frequently _________ to be associated with the open countryside and homegrown food.
A. regarded B. thought
C. looked on D. thought of
13. She was complaining that the doctor was charging _________ for the treatment he was giving her.
A. much too B. too much C. too hard D. too little
14. _________ we can make laws to protect certain animals, we are frequently unable to control the environment.
A. While B. When C. However D. Despite
15. Is it _______ to expose your skin too much to the sunlight?
A. advisable B. advised C. profitable D. proposal
16. The animals you eat had to spend their lives together in tiny spaces, so they can easily get sick.
A. crowding B. crowded
C. being crowded D. overcrowding
Keys: 1. DADAC 6. ABDAD 11. BBBAA 16. B
Section B： Fill in the blanks with suitable words or phrases from the list given below. Change the form where necessary.
astronaut influence appetite tiny vegetarian contain pesticide increase variety source |
1. My Physics teacher__________my decision to study science.
2. The baby has a good __________ ; so it can eat a lot.
3. The album __________ many memorable songs.
4. His employer has__________his wages.
5. The farmer plans to spray the__________ on the fruit trees tomorrow.
6. There're three__________ in the spacecraft.
7. This shop sells a _________of toys.
8． Where is the _______ of the Nile.
9. She became a strict __________ two years ago because she thought herself too fat.
10. The baby put its __________ hand in mine.
Keys: 1. influenced 2. appetite 3. contains 4. increased 5. pesticide
6. astronauts 7. variety 8. source 9. vegetarian 10. tiny
Section C：Translation:
1. 这个演讲包含一些有趣的思想。（contain）
2. 他过去住在这里，但目前不再住在这里了。（no long）
3. 这辆公共汽车里挤满了乘客。（crowd）
4. 我的胃空空的，却没食欲。（appetite）
5.顺便问一下，你能在去超市的路上帮我买本杂志吗？（way）
6. 我可以不喝茶，而喝咖啡吗？（instead of ）
7. 你的建议听起来非常可行。（sound）
8. 农民应该保护羊不被狼吃掉。（ought to ）
9. 这家新超市经营得很成功，这使得附近一些小店业主不能不出盘歇业。（have to）
10. 他们不只影响了大家这一代，而且会干扰到子孙后代。
Keys:
1. The speech contained some interesting ideas.
2. He used to live here, but he no more lives here now.
3. The bus was awfully crowded with passengers.
4. My stomach is empty but I have no appetite.
5. By the way, can you buy me a magazine on your way to the supermarket?
6. Can I drink beer instead of tea?
7. Your proposal sounds quite feasible.
8. Farmers ought to protect the sheep from wolves.
9. The new supermarket has been so successful that some small shopkeepers nearby have to sell up.
10. Not only have they influenced our generation but they will also influence
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Douglas Grace talks about his ideal city of the future.
I see the city of the future in three zones—inner, middle and outer. In the inner zone there will be no private cars. Public transport will be free and there will only be ambulances, fire engines, taxis and police cars. This inner zone will be the residential and recreational area of the city. People will live there and go out to enjoy themselves— to cinemas and restaurants. There will be parks and open spaces, trees and lakes, schools and universities. This way, when people are at home, they can go out easily and safely.
Just outside the inner zone there will be big car parks for all private cars.
The banks and most of the shops and hospitals will be in the middle zone. These are things that people don't need every day.
All the factories and offices will be in the outer zone. People will travel out of the center to work, and back to the center in the evenings. The inner zone will be cleaner and better to live in and there will be more space for industry on the outside.
This is my ideal city of the future—a very beautiful place! But I don't really think things will ever be like that!
23. Where will people live and go out to enjoy themselves?
A. In the middle zone. B. In the inner zone.
C. In the outer zone. D. In the inner and middle zone.
24. Where will big car parks be?
A. Just outside the middle zone. B. Just inside the middle zone.
C. Just outside the inner zone. D. Just inside the inner zone.
25. What will be in the middle zone?
A. The banks, hospitals and schools.
B. The banks, hospitals and police stations.
C. The banks, schools and car parks.
D. The banks, hospital and most of the shops.
26. Where will the factories and offices be?
A. In the outer zone. B. In the middle zone.
C. In the inner zone. D. In the middle and inner zone.
Keys：20. DBC 23. BCDA
